6/29/2023 0 Comments Writefull reviewHowever, we need more studies to be sure of this. The review also found that compared with varenicline, fewer people given cytisine reported serious side-effects – ones requiring admission to a hospital. Further studies would help researchers to come up with a more precise measure of the effectiveness. Although more people taking varenicline quit for six months or more than those using cytisine, the results were imprecise. The review concluded that cytisine is an effective way to help people quit smoking compared with a placebo, helping 20 people to quit for every 100 given it (compared with 15 quitting with a placebo).įor the first time, the review included studies directly comparing cytisine with varenicline. ![]() An updated systematic review combining evidence on varenicline and cytisine for smoking cessation includes the latest studies in its analysis. However, calls for cytisine to be more widely licensed are not new and more research is being conducted. Although it has been available for some time in some countries, in others it has never been licensed, and there are far fewer trials testing how well it works. When a patent expires, other pharmaceutical companies are free to make “generic” copies of the drug – usually at a much lower price than the branded version.Ĭytisine has a different problem. ![]() What’s more, given that Pfizer’s main patent for varenicline expired in 2020, there is less financial incentive for them to remedy the situation and resume production. Production issues don’t appear to have been resolved at the time of writing and shortages continue. While some nitrosamines can cause cancer, tobacco smoke contains even higher levels, so any risks from the nitrosamines in varenicline would be outweighed by the huge health benefits of quitting smoking. The resulting global shortage is a huge blow to tobacco control efforts and for anyone looking to quit smoking. But in 2021, Pfizer halted production because of unacceptably high levels of chemicals called nitrosamines in the pills. It more than doubles the chances of a person quitting smoking. Varenicline had been available in the UK on prescription from 2007. ![]() The problem is, neither of these drugs is available to people in the UK (and a lot of the rest of the world). It’s one of the most effective ways to help people quit smoking, and, until recently, it was only made by one pharmaceutical company: Pfizer.Ĭytisine, its less well-known cousin, has been widely used in eastern Europe for over 40 years and is cheaper than varenicline. This means that it is used to address an important health concern and everyone should have access to it. ![]() Varenicline (brand names: Champix and Chantix) is an effective drug for treating tobacco addiction and is on the World Health Organization’s list of essential medicines. They work by stopping nicotine from binding to receptors in the brain and reducing the rewarding effects of smoking while stimulating the brain to reduce nicotine withdrawal and the cravings caused by quitting. They’re called varenicline and cytisine members of a family of stop-smoking medicines called “nicotine receptor partial agonists”. The same goes for addiction treatments, so it’s worrying that two of the most effective drugs for quitting smoking aren’t available in the UK. When so much time and effort goes into developing the best medical treatments, we expect them to be available when we need them.
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